Mold for concrete



Dec. 8l 1925.

R. T. WALES MOLD FOR CONCRETE riginal Filed June 6, 1921 @woe/nto@ ANN:

MAL Q. Wwf, Veuftoiwtfbiol Dec. 8, 1925. 1,564,651

' R. T. WALES FLW.

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wuamtobz @gnjb Patented Bec. 8, i925.

ROWLAND T. W'ALES, OF NEW' ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

MOLD For. CONCRETE.

To all 'wh-0m t may concern:

Be it known that I, RowLAND T. lVALEs, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in New Rochelle, in 'the county of Westchester and State of New York,'have invented certain new and useful improvements in Molds for Concrete, of which the following is a specification.

This invention provides certain improvements in molds for use in building structures of concrete or similar material, or for facing `or covering structures with such material. The particular construction of molds to which these improvements apply embodies the following. The facing plates comprise panels of wood or of sheet metal against which the concrete or similar material is molded. They may be simple boards or channels of sheet metal. The facing plates are called plates herein. They are supported by a framework comprising a series of supports disposed adjacent the `mold space and preferably having flanges extending laterally from them and' f' also adjacent the mold space The plates are held inv position by means of locks which engage the supports. The supports may be disposed vertically, horizontally or inclined, to correspond with the face of the mold desired. Likewise they may be either straight or curved, a curved support being adapted for the inside of sewer or subway construction. The relative positions of plates, locks and supports will be substantially the same for different kinds of work. In wall forms t-he supports are also known as studs. ln ceiling forms they f are also known as joists. The supports are preferably formed with wood or equivalent facings to which may be nailed any accesseries desired thereon, such as strips for ornamentation, cores for openings, sticks to hold bulkhead panels, and panels or studs at the corner of a wall. Holes for tie rods-may also be bored through the wood facings of the supports at any desired points and at any desired angles. The supports may be secured and held in position by any usual or suitable method for securing and holding such members. An advantageous means is shown herein which comprises an improved kind of stringer. The plates are adjustable and movable relatively to the supports and adjustable into and out of position without affecting them. Plates are likewise adjustable and movable without affect- Applcation filed June 6, i921, Serial No. 475,340. Renewed February 28, 1924.

ing adjacent plates except in special cases. Each lock may be adjustable relative both to plates and supports, without moving the supports, other locks or other plates than the plate or plates immediately held by it. Such construction permits using the same plates and locks repeatedly in different parts of the sam-e framework of supports before a job is completed. It also permits taking down the supports after stripping of plates and using the same supports again in another part of the job. While two supports are in any one upright position, a plate can be used between them repeatedly at subsequently higher levels, each removal of the plate being made after the concrete behind it hasbecome hard enough to stand up in the small area which the plate covered. The construction of molds described in the foregoing has the following advantages over other kinds of molds.

l. Uses less mold material on a single job.

2. Uses the same mold material repeatedly and without destruction on successive jobs.

3. Ts erected and dismantled quicker and with less labor.

4. Permits easy placing and supporting of any iron reinforcement within the mold space before the plates are locked in position. Y

5. Possesses all advantages of panel molds without sacrificing the strength and accuracy possible by using studs` or joists as in other kinds of molds.

This invention provides certain new and useful improvements pertaining to the construction described in the foregoing and has made it more practical. Some of the objects accomplished by these improvements are given in the following:

l. improved method of engaging the supports by the locks whereby the inserted end of each lock is seated in a hole in the opposite side of the support from where the lock is inserted, and thus. the inserted end is rendered free from possible obstruction by any accidental deposit or layer of cement. By further having theinserted end of the locks seat in depression, no protruding obstructions result, and the assembling of the panels or plates and other parts adjacent the lateral sides of the supports is rendered more facile. l

2. Improved metal ties arranged within the lateral sides of the support whereby the thickness of the flanges on the support and adjacent: the mold space areY not in creased.

3. Improved construction of supports, re sulting from the interior arrangementv of the metal ties which may be brazed or arcwelded to the support, whereby all unnecessary increase in the thickness of the flanges or other projections on .the lateral faces of the supports is eliminated. (Previous constructions have requiredE either exterior welds or` rivet heads.)

4. Improved means for holding the wood-V en -or equivalent facings on thev supports.

5. Improved means forassembling the stringers onl the supports.

6. Improved bolt-cleats for preventing -rotation. ofthe bolts. Thesemay remain permanently assembled with the stringers- .and support-splices and do not require separate holes `rin the supports. Each is insertedin thesupportsimultaneously with the bol-t and automatically locks the bolt against'rota tion;v

The invention also includesI certain other features of improvement which will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

Referring to the drawings which arevillustrative of the invention-,m

Figure l isa top lplan viewl of'a'portion of the mold showing a pair of supports and a .pair f of stringers spliced togethgen Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section ofthe support showing one lateral side, the wood or equivalent facing and the metal ties for holding the facing in position.`

Fig. 3 is an .elevation of thesupport, viewing it from the outer side ofthe mold.

Fig. lis a horizontal section of the-'support showing the improved plate lock in position.

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the'support splice with'the bolts and cleats remo-vedas viewed when looking in the direction. ofarrow 5 in Fig. 6;

Fig. 6 shows an end elevation of the support splice shown inv Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an elevation, of the improved Stringer splice.

Fig. l8 shows an end elevation of the splice shown in Fig. 7

Fig; 9 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section showing the manner of splicing together two support sections, and also a special convenient manner `of at-A taching-a Stringer to the support near the corner of a wall.

Fig. 10 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section showing a Stringer at-Y tached to a support inthe preferred standard manner.

Fig. 11 is an elevation of my impro-vedbolt cleat, and l Fig. 12 is a cross section thereof, taken on the line 12-12- Referring to the drawings, let A indicate a. portion of aV concrete onother-construction formed or molded againstthelplates B -which constitute the major facing of a mold and which are mounted between suitable supports C, assembled and held by stringers D. The plates B are held in position by suitable locks E. Broadly speaking, elements corresponding to `elements B,.C,D and E are the essential parts commonly employed in building upA molds for concrete construction work, and it isto these and related connectingl elements that the-improvements constitutingA the present` invention-are particularly i die rected.

The lplates B as herein disclosed are each shown formed of la sheet `metal blank having its ends bent up. Flangesangles and Iother parts on the outward side witl'r suitable. connectingineans serve to reinforce the blank. The faces ofl these plates adjacentr their mounting over-the face flanges .on thefsupports (hereinafter to be more fully described) lare provided with" recessed .portions b' for, clearingfthe flanges on the supports, so that a-substantially flush facingfor the moldV will be provided ati said supports. These platesr B `it will beunderstood, may also be--made frOmIwOOd, and the Ispecific construction thereof does not per sec0nstitute the subjectmatterof the present invention.

The supports C, which maybe lemployed either asstudsor joists, are preferablymade inchannel shape andconsist of aweb pon tion` c, a pair of lateral sidesc forming substantially rightangleswithA the web and a pair of Aface-flanges c2, bento-utwardly from the lateral sides and forming therewith vsubstantially right-angles, allof whichis best shown in Fig. 4. Between-the lateral sides c and preferably flush with the-innerrfaces of the flanges c2v is securedthe wooden or equivalentfacing F. This wooden-or equivalent facing,A which may be in the nature of a flat board, is permanently and securely held against movementwith respect to the support in an improved manner by metal ties G, which constitute one of the important features of the present invention. Thefmetal ties, Gr, which arefshown1 as open cornered, rectangular boxes with one open face, may be formed in any known manner, and preferablyby stamping from sheet metal blanks.- These ties are positioned at suitable intervals within the supports with'their closed faces toward the open face thereof, but in wardly positionedtherefrom and suitably brazed, or arc-welded or otherwise fastened in'place. By this means of fastening the metal ties in place all objectionable increases in the thickness of the support'flangesand other-projections on the lateral faces of -the support such as rivet heads are eliminated. Thus positioned the metal ties also form with the lateralfaces of ythe-support a receiving channel for the wooden facing board F. To secure the board F in place within this channel, nails or other suitable instrumentalities f may be employed, which are shown driven through the face of the board just above or below the tie plates and bent back into holding engagement over the sides o-f the metal ties, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 4L. The bending back of the nails may be accomplished by any blunt instrument passed through one of the several openings in the web portion of the support.

In order to readily clamp and unclamp the plates B in position over the extending lianges 02, I have provided an improved quickly operative locking device H. As disclosed, this device consists of a slightly bent locking bar It, the insertable end 7L of which is reduced and tapered and has upon it a lug or nose extending toward the mold space. Adjacent the insertable end It the locking bar L also has a stop shoulder h2 and at its other end a screw threaded opening through which passes a clamping screw h3 adapted to clamp against said plates B. The head of the clamping screw may be formed 1n any desired manner, and is herein shown as provided with transverse openings 7b4, located 900 apart, around said screw head, so that one or more openings will always be accessible and thus serve to accommodate a lever turning element which may be in the nature of a spanner wrench, and in the absence thereof, a common nail or other equlvalent device will answer. For cooperating with said locking device, the lateral sides of the supports are provided with suitable large openings c3 and small openings c4 arranged in alternate relation with each other on each side of the support affixed distances apart, and in staggered relation with each other on the opposite sides of the support. That is to say, for each large opening c3 on one lateral side of the support there is arranged approximately opposite thereto on the other lateral side a small opening c4. Since it is desirable to avoid all projections on the lateral faces of the support so that the assembling of the plates B may be facilitated, the small openings c4L are preferably formed in depressed portions 05 of 'the sides c so that the engaging noses It of the locking members H will always lie below or Hush with the outer surfaces of said lateral sides. In assembling the plates B between a pair of supports at any level, all that is necessary is to place the plate with its recessed edges b over the flanges c2 and insert the locking bar 7L in the openings c3 so that the insertable ends it emerge through the opposite openings c4, and then tighten the clamping screw h3 against the plate. In the course of this clamping actionthe insertable end it of each locking member is caused to bear against the edge of the hole c4 in a direction toward the mold space, and said edge thereby prevents movement of said locking member when the concrete is poured into the mold. It will be understood that the plates B are of uniform length horizontally, and are appreciably shorter than the distance between the lateral sides of adjacent supports between which they are assembled. Therfore, slight variations in the distances between the supports do not obstruct easy placing and removal of plates.

For the purpose of permitting the mounting of stringers at various points along the length of the support, the web portion of the support is provided with equidistantly spaced elongated openings c6 which are preferably rectangular in form and which are adapted to receive a special form of cleat and a `T-bolt used in connection with the mounting and splicing of the stringers, and likewise employed in the splicing of the supports. These openings cG and other openings c7 in the web portion of the support may also serve for the insertionl and retention of the rod a, and also for the insertion of a blunt instrument to bend back the nail f over the sides of the tie-plates G. The top end of the support is preferably closed so as to prevent the ingress of cement or concrete into its interior during pouring operations and thus interfere with the proper working of the locks H.

.It will be appreciated, that inthe building of molds for concrete work it is advantageous to have the various elements of the molds standardized so that they may be repeatedly used without modification. Accordingly, the supports and stringers are made of standard lengths. In `practice the stringers are known as one, two or threestud stringers, and there is also provided what is known as an end stringer which is approximately half the length of a one-stud stringer and principally used where obstruction occurs such as an adjacent building, an inside wall corner, a pilaster or the sides of an excavation. In the drawings, the stringers are shown as formed of angle iron and are designated by the reference character D. For the purpose of splicing these stringers, I have provided an improved stringer splice K, which consists .of a channelled member having a web portion lc and side walls r, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. In the web portion 7c of said splice, at a fixed distance apart, elongated rectangu-l lar openings 702 are formed, said openings adapted to` coincide with holes positioned in the stringers at a fixed distance from each nearest support, and through which holes the clamping bolts pass. Tle clamping bolts which are T-shaped, are employed with an improved bolt cleat, the bolt and cleat beingl carried by the ,-stringers `in .sub-v icleat and D-shaped holesin the stringers will be given in connection with the description ofthe support splices wherein the same construction prevails.

In Figs. 5, 6 and 9 I have shown my improved support splice L, consisting of the angle member Z which seats against the web and one face o-f the support, and the reinforcing channelled Vmember Z which has its web spot Welded to the angle member as shown at Z2, `so thatone of its sides and the. second side ofthe angle member lie substantiallyin the-same plane. The engaging face of the angle member Z is formed with-a series of D-shaped openingsZ3 all yon.

the-same line and so spaced as to be adapted to substantiallycoincide with the elongated openings c iny the support. It also has other openings Z4 which may also coincide with -openings c and c7 in the support and thereby permit the passage therethrough of the tie rods or the like. A consideration of Figs. 5 and 9 will disclose that the reinforcing member Z is shorter than Z, and where said first-mentioned memberv overlies the openings Z3 in the angle member, it is formed with clearance openings Z5. Although Fig. 5 shows the support splice free from all clampingbolts, it is to be understood that said member permanently carries the clamping bolts and bolt cleats. The bolt cleat as `used in conjunction with this invention is shown` in Figs. 11 and 12, and consists of a metal plate M having a tongue m stamped up therefrom `and extending substantially at right angles to the plane ofthe plate. The Width of the tongue m is such, as to permit its passage through the D- shaped openings in the support splice and stringers,v and through the elongated openings cl and 702. in the support and Stringer splice respectively. Its length should be sulticient to pass through at least three thicknesses of metal ,and still have a protruding portion suiiicient to prevent the turning of theT-bolt as shown .in Fig. 9. The tongue is the-vital element of the cleat and it is necessarythat said tongue be held substantially, adjacentv and parallel to the T-bolt and that ity project froma stringer or a splice` inthe same direction as the headof the bolt. It is obvious that such a tongue may project in this manner even though constructed in. a manner different from that herein shown, and it will be understood that I'do notwish to be limited-to the specific structure of. the ytongue herein disclosed. The cleat is merely an economical and practical means for holding the tongue in position on .a stringerzor a splice.`

Inmounting a Stringer on a support, or

on the boltbecoming damaged'.

At the upper portion of Fig. 9, I havev shown a special manner of attaching a Stringer or other member rto a support. Said manner of attachment may be conveniently employed. near the corner of a wall or at any other point than at the standard centers where are provided the D- shaped openings lin the stringers. According to said manner. of attachment, the Stringer is clamped against the face of the support through the. medium of a Z-bar N, which seats against the stringer and is fastened to the support, by suitable T-bolts and bolt cleats entering the openingsabove and below the Stringer. Obviously, a longer T'- bolt will be used in: connection with the fastening at the far end of the Z-bar from the support and it is .preferable to use a spacing sleeve for the cleatused in connection therewith as shown at O.

Froma consideration of the preceding description taken in conjunction with the drawings, it will be evident that I have provided Ypractical means for accomplishing the various objects of the invention as set forth, and while I have herein disclosed the preferred embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that certain changes may be made therein Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I-claim is 1. A mold comprising a series of supports adjacent the mold space, plates between the supports and adjacent the mold space, each support having lateral sides of sheet metal spaced apart andperforated with holes at intervals longitudinally of the support, locks extending laterally from each support and holding the plates in position, and each lock comprising a member-extending through two said holes, one in each of the lateral sides of the support and bearing toward the mold space in the hole in the lateral side of the support opposite the side on which said lock holds a plate in position.

2. A mold according `to claim 1, wherein the hole in the lateral side of the support opposite to the side on which said lock holds the plate in position, is disposed in a depression in said lateral side.

l 3. A mold according to claim 1, wherein the inserted end of the lock member, has a lug or nose extending toward the mold space which functions to prevent lateral movement of the lock with respect to the support.

4. A mold according to claim 1, wherein the lock member is provided with a shoulder adjacent its inserted end, to prevent inserting said member too far into the support.

5. A mold comprising a series of supports adjacent the mold space, plates between the supports and adjacent the mold space, each support comprising` a channel of sheet metal with its lateral sides and web perforated with holes at intervals longitudinally of the support, locks extending through the holes in said lateral sides and holding the plates in position, a metal tie connecting said lateral sides at a substantial distance from the web, said metal tie being secured by means wholly within the lateral sides and wood between the metal tie and the mold space.

6. A mold according to claim 5, wherein the wood is held in the support by an element passing through the wooden part and engaging said metal tie.

7. A mold comprising a series of supports adjacent the mold space, plates between the supports and adjacent the mold space, each support comprising a channel of sheet metal with its lateral sides and web perforated with holes at intervals longitudinally of the support, locks extending through the holes in said lateral sides and holding the plates in position, the support having within it a bearing surface substantially parallel to the molding face and at substantial distances from both the web and the mold space.

8. A mold comprising aseries of supports adjacent the mold space, stringers holding the supports at proper intervals apart, plates between the supports and adjacent the mol-d space, slots in said supports, the long dimension of each slot extending longitu-dinally .of the support and means for fastening a support to another member of the' mold, said member having connected to it a bolt and a bolt cleat, the bolt having a head narrower than said slots and longer than the width thereof so that the bolt head may enter and leave said slots'without disconnecting the bolt from said member, said bolt head being engaged in one of said slots, the length of the head extending transversely of the length of the slot and prevented from rotating by a part of said cleat extending through the same slot as the bolt, said part of the cleat being adapted to enter and leave said slot without disconnecting the. cleat from said member.

9. A mold according to claim 8. wherein said cleat consists of a piece of sheet metal having a hole punched therein for encircling said bolt, the portion punched from said hole adhering to the sheet metal piece at one edge of the hole and extending transversely to the. plane of the sheet metal piece from which it was punched, one end of said portion being the part extending through the slot and preventing said bolt from turning.

10. A mold comprising a series of supports adjacent the mold space, stringers holding the supports at proper intervals apart, plates between the supports and adjacent the mold space, slots in said supports, the long dimension of each slot extending longitudinally of the support and means for fastening a support to another member of the mold, said member having connected to it a bolt and a bolt cleat disposed in and extending through the same hole in said member, the bolt having a head narrower than said slots and longer than the width thereof so that the bolt head may enter and leave said slots wit-hout disconnecting the bolt from said member, said bolt head being engaged in one of said slots, the length of the head extending transversely of the length of the slot and prevented from rotating by a part of said cleat extending through the same slot as the bolt, said part of the cleat being adapted to enter and leave said slot without disconnecting the cleat from said member.

11. A mold comprising a metal channeled member having openings in its web and lateral sides, the openings in the lateral sides being of two sizes, alternately arranged longitudinally of the member with respect to each side, and said openings of each size in each lateral side being arranged in staggered relation to the openings of the same size in the opposite lateral side.

12. A mold comprising a metal channeled member having its lateral sides formed with laterally extending longitudinal bends adjacent the open channel, a metal tie connecting the lateral sides at a substantial distance from the web and wood between the metal tie and the mold space, said metal tie being secured to the channeled member by means wholly within the channel.

18. A mold comprising a metal channeled member having a metal tie connecting the lateral sides at a substantial distance from the web and wood between the metal tie and the mold space, said metal tie being secured to the channeled member by means wholly within the lateral sides thereof.

14. A mold comprising a series of supports adjacent the mold space, stringers holding the supports at proper intervals apart, plates between the supports and adjacent the mold space, splices for connecting the stringers end to end. bolts for connecting the stringere to the splices, nuts on the bolts, bolt cleats for preventing the rotation of the bolts, and slots fork receiving said bolts, thehead of eachsaid bolt being narrower than-said -sl-ots and longer than the width thereof so that while thenut remains on the bolt, the bolt head maybe inserted through any of said slots vand thereafter turned transversely of the slot Vand engage the metal containing the slot when the nut is drawn tight for? the purpose ofv holding a splice and Stringer together, a part of each cleat extending throughv the saine slot asa bolt and preventing rotation of the bolt head.

15. A mold according to claim 141 wherein the'bolt cleat is carried bythe bolt while, before and after the bolthead is engaged and disengaged `through the slot inthe metal.

16. A mold according toclaim 14 wherein said cleat consists of a piece of sheet metal having av `holepunched'therein for encircling said bolt, theportionfpunchedfrom said hole adhering to the sheetmetal piece at one edge of the hole and extending transversely to the plane of said sheet metal pieceE from which it was punched, one end of said jportion being the part extending throughv the slot andpreventing said bolt from turning.

17. A mold coinprising'a series ofsupports adjacent* the moldfspace,` plates between the supports and adjacent the mold space, each support l"vliavli-ng 'slots,'the long dimension of each slot extending longitudinally of the support, a lmember ladapted to be fastened to the support by a "bolt, a tongue for preventing rotation of said`I bolt, saifd tongue andbolt head projeeting'from the-same-silde ofsaid member, the bolt head being -narrowen than said slots and longer than the width thereof, the narrow dimension of the bolt head permitting it to enter and leaif'e-sai'd slots without detaching the bolt from said member, said'blt head.` boing-engaged in one of said slots with the lengthof'the head extending transversely of the length lofthe-'slot and prevented from rotatingV by said tongue extending through the same slot as thebolt, andthetongue being adapted to enter and leave vsaid slot Without detaching the -tongue from said member.

t18. A mold comprising a series of supports adgacent the mold space, .stringermembers holding the supports vat proper intervals apart, plates between the supports and adjacent the mold space, splicing inembers for coiine'ctingthe stringer members end to end,.bolts for connecting the splicing members to the stringer members, nuts on the bolts, and tongues for preventing rotation of the -bolts,-one of the members having slots for receiving said bolts, the head of 'eachsaid bolt being narrower than said slots and longer than the width thereof so that while thev nut remains on the bolt, the bolt head maybeinserted through any of said slots and'thereafter Ibe turned transversely of the slot and engage the ,metal laterally yof ythe slot when the nutris drawn tightfor the purpose ofholding the members together, each vtongue extending through=the same slot as a bolt and preventing 'rotation vof the bolt head.

19. A'mold comprising a series of supports adjacent the mold space, and stringers for holdingV the supports at proper intervals apart, 'and boltsfor uniting said parts at their intersections, said supports having elongated slots, the longr dimension of each slot extending 'longitudinally' of the support, therbolt headsbeingnarrower than said slots `and longer than the width thereof,the' bolts and thein nuts carriedk by the stringers, and means for engaging the bolt heads when extended transversely of the slots, tol prevent their rotating, 'such means comprising a tongue extending .through the samer slot as the bolt and Vadapted to enter and leave said slot without detaching the tonguefrom the Stringer.

"20. 'A mold 'according to claim 1S, wherein bothpsaid bolt and said tongue are carried bythe same member, while, before and after, the bolt'hea'dis being engaged and disengaged through the slot.

.21. A. mold according' to claim 1, wherein la part .of the edge of said hole in'the lateralv side of the support opposite to the side on Vwhich said lock holds' the plate in position, constitutes a bearing seat for a part 'of said lock and is depressed at a substantial distance bclowrthe lateral surface Vof the support.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

ROVVLAND T.- WALES. 

